IRC Deck Footing Size Tables

Bookmarkable IRC 2021 Table R507.3.1 grids — square, round, and thickness by load, tributary area, and soil

These grids are the same cells the deck footing size calculator returns. Values are IRC 2021 Table R507.3.1. Each cell is side of a square footing (in), diameter of a round footing (in), and thickness (in) for plain concrete. Columns are soil bearing. Rows are tributary area in square feet. They are not local law by themselves.

How to use a cell: guide. Pad vs post: comparison. Existing settlement: troubleshooting. Beam above the post: deck beam span calculator.

Starting point only. These pages explain standard IRC 2021 deck footing tables. They are not a substitute for the adopted local code, a soils report or inspector sign-off on actual bearing capacity, frost depth, or a licensed engineer when the job is outside ordinary prescriptive residential decks.

Look up one combination.Load, tributary area, soil column.

Open Calculator →

40 psf live load (standard residential)

IRC 2021 Table R507.3.1 — Minimum footing size for decks. 10 psf dead load (highest of dead+live or dead+snow). Cells are square side / round diameter / thickness (inches). Starting point only.

Tributary area (sq ft)1,500 psf
sq / rd / th
2,000 psf
sq / rd / th
≥ 3,000 psf
sq / rd / th
57″ / 8″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″
2010″ / 12″ / 6″9″ / 9″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″
4014″ / 16″ / 6″12″ / 14″ / 6″10″ / 12″ / 6″
6017″ / 19″ / 6″15″ / 17″ / 6″12″ / 14″ / 6″
8020″ / 22″ / 7″17″ / 19″ / 6″14″ / 16″ / 6″
10022″ / 25″ / 8″19″ / 21″ / 6″15″ / 17″ / 6″
12024″ / 27″ / 9″21″ / 23″ / 7″17″ / 19″ / 6″
14026″ / 29″ / 10″22″ / 25″ / 8″18″ / 21″ / 6″
16028″ / 31″ / 11″24″ / 27″ / 9″20″ / 22″ / 7″

50 psf live or ground snow

IRC 2021 Table R507.3.1 — Minimum footing size for decks. 10 psf dead load (highest of dead+live or dead+snow). Cells are square side / round diameter / thickness (inches). Starting point only.

Tributary area (sq ft)1,500 psf
sq / rd / th
2,000 psf
sq / rd / th
≥ 3,000 psf
sq / rd / th
57″ / 8″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″
2011″ / 13″ / 6″10″ / 11″ / 6″8″ / 9″ / 6″
4015″ / 17″ / 6″13″ / 15″ / 6″11″ / 13″ / 6″
6019″ / 21″ / 6″16″ / 18″ / 6″13″ / 15″ / 6″
8021″ / 24″ / 8″19″ / 21″ / 6″15″ / 17″ / 6″
10024″ / 27″ / 9″21″ / 23″ / 7″17″ / 19″ / 6″
12026″ / 30″ / 10″23″ / 26″ / 8″19″ / 21″ / 6″
14028″ / 32″ / 11″25″ / 28″ / 9″20″ / 23″ / 7″
16030″ / 34″ / 12″26″ / 30″ / 10″21″ / 24″ / 8″

60 psf live or ground snow

IRC 2021 Table R507.3.1 — Minimum footing size for decks. 10 psf dead load (highest of dead+live or dead+snow). Cells are square side / round diameter / thickness (inches). Starting point only.

Tributary area (sq ft)1,500 psf
sq / rd / th
2,000 psf
sq / rd / th
≥ 3,000 psf
sq / rd / th
57″ / 8″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″
2012″ / 14″ / 6″11″ / 12″ / 6″9″ / 10″ / 6″
4016″ / 19″ / 6″14″ / 16″ / 8″12″ / 14″ / 6″
6020″ / 23″ / 7″17″ / 20″ / 6″14″ / 16″ / 6″
8023″ / 26″ / 9″20″ / 23″ / 7″16″ / 19″ / 6″
10026″ / 29″ / 10″22″ / 25″ / 8″18″ / 21″ / 6″
12028″ / 32″ / 11″25″ / 28″ / 9″20″ / 23″ / 7″
14031″ / 35″ / 12″27″ / 30″ / 10″22″ / 24″ / 8″
16033″ / 37″ / 13″28″ / 32″ / 11″23″ / 26″ / 9″

70 psf ground snow

IRC 2021 Table R507.3.1 — Minimum footing size for decks. 10 psf dead load (highest of dead+live or dead+snow). Cells are square side / round diameter / thickness (inches). Starting point only.

Tributary area (sq ft)1,500 psf
sq / rd / th
2,000 psf
sq / rd / th
≥ 3,000 psf
sq / rd / th
57″ / 8″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″7″ / 8″ / 6″
2012″ / 14″ / 6″11″ / 13″ / 6″9″ / 10″ / 6″
4018″ / 20″ / 6″15″ / 17″ / 6″12″ / 14″ / 6″
6021″ / 24″ / 8″19″ / 21″ / 6″15″ / 17″ / 6″
8025″ / 28″ / 9″21″ / 24″ / 8″18″ / 20″ / 6″
10028″ / 31″ / 11″24″ / 27″ / 9″20″ / 22″ / 7″
12030″ / 34″ / 12″26″ / 30″ / 10″21″ / 24″ / 8″
14033″ / 37″ / 13″28″ / 32″ / 11″23″ / 26″ / 9″
16035″ / 40″ / 15″30″ / 34″ / 12″25″ / 28″ / 9″

Source and limits

Primary source: 2021 International Residential Code, Table R507.3.1 — Minimum Footing Size for Decks, as reproduced in the Town of Topsham, Maine Deck Building Permit (ICC-licensed extract, Order #101689801). The 40 psf block matches Southington, CT Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide (rev. 02/11/2025). The 70 psf block matches Island County, WA 2021 IRC Deck Handout “60 Live or 70 Ground Snow Load” combined row.

Footnote a: interpolation permitted, extrapolation not permitted. This chart prints tabulated cells only. Thickness (footnote f) applies to plain concrete footings. Footing must fully bear the post; brick/CMU piers need a 2-inch projection on all sides. Soil columns are presumptive — verify actual bearing locally. Frost depth is not in this table.

Starting point only. Not a substitute for the adopted local code, a soils report, frost-depth requirements, or a licensed engineer outside ordinary residential decks.

Any trade

Contractor Job Estimator

Contractor Job Estimator

Price remodels and GC work, then send a quote with no internal numbers.

Excel or Google Sheets. Best on a computer.

$29.00

Buy

See all products

Checkout opens in a new tab.

Layout & Dig Gear

Confirm the post grid and the hole. The table does not replace a square on layout or a tape on frost depth.

16 by 24 inch framing square

16×24 Framing Square

Mark post layout after the beam table says the span reaches. Tributary length starts there.

View on Amazon →
Swanson Speed Square

Swanson Speed Square

Quick 90s and post-plumb checks over a fresh pad. Soil column still has to be a number you can defend.

View on Amazon →
48 inch box beam level

48" Box Beam Level

Existing settlement is a field measurement first: dish in the deck, gap at the ledger. Compare that to the tabulated pad second.

View on Amazon →
7-1/4 inch circular saw

7-1/4" Circular Saw

Posts get cut to Table R507.4 height, not to the pad diameter. Different table, same post.

View on Amazon →
Johnson stair gauges for a framing square

Johnson Stair Gauges

When the deck also needs stairs, lock the square. Footing size and stringer math are separate.

View on Amazon →
Deck footing size calculator

Look Up the Table Cell

Load, tributary area, soil column. Starting point only — verify local soil, frost, and code.

Open Deck Footing Size Calculator →

As an Amazon Associate, TestTalkHQ earns from qualifying purchases.

Related Carpentry & Shop Calculators